Showing posts with label fracturing. Show all posts
Showing posts with label fracturing. Show all posts

4.03.2011

About Hdraulic Fracturing...The (un)Natural Extraction Process Threatening A Way of Life



Hydraulic fracturing as used in the (un)natural gas industry, commonly referred to as fracking (FRACK), is a dangerous and unproven technological advancement which allows natural gas producers to  recover natural gas from deep shale formations at great costs to local communities being FORCED to play host to wells that can number into the hundreds.  This discovery has the potential to destroy the natural beauty of our rural communities, despoil and contaminate our potable water supplies, and visit upon us as humans a myriad number of health issues from minor skin irritations, breathing difficulties, and even birth defects and cancers. Contrary to the industries claims, shale gas drilling will not dramatically reduce our national carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and will not accelerate our transition to a carbon-light environment. In fact, the releases of gas shale methane into the environment, the constant burns will likely INCREASE our Green House gas problem, not correct it.Simply put, deep shale gas formation development is dangerous to America's energy needs, dangerous and disruptive to our fresh drinking water supplies,  and the short term economic renewal will be more than offset by the long term costs of restoration of destroyed environments.


So called experts with vested interests in the unsafe practive of Shale Gas Drilling have known for years that natural gas deposits existed in deep shale formations and they needed to find ways to extract them at all costs to increase their own bottom line profit pictures.  So, in a horrible remake of the movie "Back to the Future, these predatory creatures went back to Halliburton technology and looked for ways to make it more sinister, more damaging to our environments...sure, they knew the risks to human health and the environment could be dangerous, but the question they wanted answered was but one, "Would it make our gas leases more profitable?  Sadly for those of us living atop the Marcellus Shale formation, that answer was yes. Today, with the unsafe and not fully understood use of hydraulic fracturing, combined with sophisticated horizontal drilling, both of which can increase seismic activity, extraordinary amounts of deep shale (un)natural gas from across the United States is being  produced with the costs to local communities, our drinking water supplies and human health being all but ignored in the name of National Security and PROFITS. 

With Obama all but giving the (un)Natural Gas Industry and Shale Gas Drilling a collective bear hug, we need to ask ourselves, "What cost is fair to ask small rural communities to pay in the name of the greater societal good?"  Is it fair to ask small Rural Communities to ruin our pristine natural beauty for CHEAP GAS?  Is it fair to ask us to have our health, the health of our children greatly impacted upon in the name of supposed National Security?  Is it fair to destroy our potable water, despoil our streams, ponds and water ways in the name of kicking the oil habit?  Please share your thoughts, because I find these costs unacceptable...especially since many of these same rural communities have PAID THIS COST before...look at both the timbering and coal industry as examples.  How many have seen what strip mining has done in both Ohio and West Virginia?  How many stands of virgin timber remain in Ohio, West Virginia, Pennsylvania and New York?  When can the folks in Rural America just say no to the demands of a Suburban/Urban population who seems incapable of controlling their hunger for consumptions of goods and energy?

What is Chesapeake Energy Hiding?...Go look at this Chesapeake Gas Drilling fire video, and ask yourselves why it is that the ability to comment on it, why the ability to embed the link has been DISABLED!  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NiLRJeE8h2w

4.01.2011

Some General Information, and NY State Fracking Chemicals List

So, just what kinds of chemicals are involved in Fracking...below is the NY State list (or at least that part of it that has made its way into the public domain) as well as a small list of terms that you might want to familiarize yourselves with.  

The (un)Natural Gas industry would have us believe that these chemicals are harmless...IE, they have been quoted as saying things like, "They are common things you would find in your household detergents".  OK...so we take the first item on the list Benzisothiazolin-2-one...and we find the following warning:

The acute health risks from exposure to N-butyl-1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one are potentially significant due primarily to its corrosive nature to the skin. However, the precautionary and first aid statements on the product label, as well as label directions requiring personal protective equipment (PPE) and other protective measures adequately mitigate the potential health risks to persons who may come in contact with the pesticide. 

Gee...the acute health risks from exposure are POTENTIALLY SIGNIFICANT due primarily to its corrosive nature to the skin.  First, how many citizens around fracking sights have complained of SKIN RASHES?  Secondly, how many of these citizens are being provided the protective equipment (PPE) and are cautioned to take the protective measures necessary to MITIGATE this potential health risk? 

OK, lets pick another one from the list...say, 1,4 Dioxane.  Mind you, the (un)Natural Gas industry is throwing wells up in Suburban areas, wanting to put up thousands of wells here in New York in some of our most pristine lands, in NY's biggest water shed, but the EPA and these companies assure us that Dioxane is SAFE...is it?  You be the judge...

1,4 Fioxane- Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure to high levels of 1,4-dioxane has caused vertigo, drowsiness, headache, anorexia and irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs in humans.  It may also irritate the skin.  Damage to the liver and kidneys has been observed in rats chronically (long-term) exposed in their drinking water. 

Perhaps you should go look at some of the citizens complaints that speak of the negative health effects they are experiencing living near a Natural Gas well that is employing Hydro-Fracking techniques to increase gas capture.  You will find many of them mimic the symptoms that are mentioned above, yet the industry says, "Prove it is our CHEMICALS!" We'll be exploring more of these chemicals in the days and weeks to come as we get more familiar with the issue.

"Chemical Constituents in Additives/Chemicals" used in Fracturing (New York State list)

(Extracted from http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/materials_minerals_pdf/ogdsgeischap5.pdf)
CASNumber Chemical Constituent
2634-33-5 1,2 Benzisothiazolin-2-one / 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one
95-63-6                             1,2,4 trimethylbenzene
123-91-1 1,4-Dioxane
3452-07-1 1-eicosene
629-73-2 1-hexadecene
112-88-9 1-octadecene
1120-36-1 1-tetradecene
10222-01-2 2,2 Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, a biocide
27776-21-2 2,2'-azobis-{2-(imidazlin-2-yl)propane}-dihydrochloride
73003-80-2 2,2-Dobromomalonamide
15214-89-8 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid sodium salt polymer
46830-22-2 2-acryloyloxyethyl(benzyl)dimethylammonium chloride
52-51-7 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
111-76-2 2-Butoxy ethanol
1113-55-9 2-Dibromo-3-Nitriloprionamide (2-Monobromo-3-nitriilopropionamide)
104-76-7 2-Ethyl Hexanol
67-63-0 2-Propanol / Isopropyl Alcohol / Isopropanol / Propan-2-ol
26062-79-3 2-Propen-1-aminium, N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-chloride, homopolymer
9003-03-6 2-propenoic acid, homopolymer, ammonium salt
25987-30-8 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with 2 p-propenamide, sodium salt / Copolymer of acrylamide and sodium acrylate
71050-62-9 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with sodium phosphinate (1:1)
66019-18-9 2-propenoic acid, telomer with sodium hydrogen sulfite
107-19-7 2-Propyn-1-ol / Propargyl alcohol
51229-78-8 3,5,7-Triaza-1-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane, 1-(3-chloro-2-propenyl)-chloride,
115-19-5 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol
127087-87-0 4-Nonylphenol Polyethylene Glycol Ether Branched / Nonylphenol ethoxylated / Oxyalkylated Phenol
64-19-7 Acetic acid
68442-62-6 Acetic acid, hydroxy-, reaction products with triethanolamine
108-24-7 Acetic Anhydride
67-64-1 Acetone
79-06-1 Acrylamide

Terminology

Fracture Gradient
The pressure to fracture the formation at a particular depth divided by the depth. A fracture gradient of 18 kPa/m (0.8 psi/foot) implies that at a depth of 3 km (10,000 feet) a pressure of 54 MPa (8,000 psi) will extend a hydraulic fracture.
ISIP - Instantaneous Shut In Pressure
The pressure measured immediately after injection stops. The ISIP provides a measure of the pressure in the fracture at the wellbore by removing contributions from fluid friction.
Leakoff
Loss of fracturing fluid from the fracture channel into the surrounding permeable rock.
Fracturing fluid
The fluid used during a hydraulic fracture treatment of oil, gas or water wells. The fracturing fluid has two major functions 1) Open and extend the fracture; 2) Transport the proppant along the fracture length.
Proppant
Suspended particles in the fracturing fluid that are used to hold fractures open after a hydraulic fracturing treatment, thus producing a conductive pathway that fluids can easily flow along. Naturally occurring sand grains or artificial ceramic material are common proppants used.
Concise slang
"Fracing" (sometimes spelled "fracking") is a shortened version of fracturing.